docs: 1.0.2-beta4 公告并入盔甲预览

beta4 此前未打 tag，本次发布将其与皮肤编辑器盔甲预览
移植（PR #8）合并发布，故在 beta4 公告条目补充：
- 皮肤预览新增盔甲与盔甲纹饰渲染
- 盔甲预览选择的本地持久化

.github/workflows/check-rust.yml

@@ -22,5 +22,5 @@ jobs:
           node-version-file: .nvmrc
       - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@29eef336d9b2848a0b548edc03f92a220660cdb8 # stable
       - uses: cargo-bins/cargo-binstall@dc19f1e48450eefe5a29b8da6c6b00a87d730b37 # v1.18.1
-      - run: cargo binstall --no-confirm cargo-shear
+      - run: cargo binstall --no-confirm cargo-shear@1.13.4
       - run: cargo shear

Cargo.lock

@@ -6841,7 +6841,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "theseus"
-version = "1.0.0-beta15"
+version = "1.0.2-beta4"
 dependencies = [
  "ariadne",
  "async-minecraft-ping",
@@ -6945,7 +6945,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "theseus_gui"
-version = "1.0.0-beta15"
+version = "1.0.2-beta4"
 dependencies = [
  "ashpd",
  "async_zip",

apps/app-frontend/package.json

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 {
 	"name": "@modrinth/app-frontend",
 	"private": true,
-	"version": "1.0.0-beta15",
+	"version": "1.0.2-beta4",
 	"type": "module",
 	"scripts": {
 		"dev": "vite",

apps/app-frontend/src/announcements/catalog.ts

@@ -32,6 +32,43 @@ export const ANNOUNCEMENT_CHANGE_TYPES: readonly AnnouncementChangeType[] = [
 ]
 
 export const launcherAnnouncements: readonly LauncherAnnouncement[] = [
+	{
+		id: 'launcher-1.0.2-beta4',
+		version: '1.0.2-beta4',
+		publishedAt: '2026-10-08',
+		title: {
+			'en-US': 'Starlight Launcher 1.0.2-beta4',
+			'zh-CN': 'Starlight Launcher 1.0.2-beta4',
+		},
+		changes: {
+			added: [
+				{
+					'en-US': 'Added armor and armor-trim rendering to the skin preview, letting you try on armor pieces and trim patterns directly in the skin editor.',
+					'zh-CN': '皮肤预览新增盔甲与盔甲纹饰渲染，可在皮肤编辑器内直接试穿各部位盔甲并调整纹饰图案。',
+				},
+				{
+					'en-US': 'Armor preview selections in the skin editor are now saved locally, so they persist across sessions.',
+					'zh-CN': '皮肤编辑器中的盔甲预览选择现在会保存在本地，跨会话保留。',
+				},
+			],
+			changed: [
+				{
+					'en-US': 'Improved download scheduling to reduce concurrency automatically when tasks are waiting for capacity, making large Minecraft installations more reliable on constrained connections.',
+					'zh-CN': '优化下载任务调度：任务因容量不足排队时会自动降低并发，提升大型 Minecraft 版本在受限网络环境下的安装稳定性。',
+				},
+			],
+			fixed: [
+				{
+					'en-US': 'Fixed downloads timing out while waiting for internal connection capacity, which could cause Minecraft installations to fail even when the network was available.',
+					'zh-CN': '修复下载任务等待内部连接容量时过早超时，导致网络正常的情况下 Minecraft 安装仍可能失败的问题。',
+				},
+				{
+					'en-US': 'Fixed instance group changes not saving for some instances.',
+					'zh-CN': '修复部分实例的分组修改无法保存的问题。',
+				},
+			],
+		},
+	},
 	{
 		id: 'launcher-1.0.2-beta3',
 		version: '1.0.2-beta3',

apps/app-frontend/src/components/ui/skin/ArmorTrimTab.vue

@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+<script setup lang="ts">
+import { CheckIcon, RotateCounterClockwiseIcon, XIcon } from '@modrinth/assets'
+import {
+	type ArmorPreviewConfig,
+	ArmorTrimPanel,
+	Button,
+	defineMessages,
+	useVIntl,
+} from '@modrinth/ui'
+import { computed, onMounted, onUnmounted } from 'vue'
+
+const messages = defineMessages({
+	title: { id: 'app.skins.armor.title', defaultMessage: 'Armour and trims' },
+	description: {
+		id: 'app.skins.armor.description',
+		defaultMessage: 'Try armour and trims on your skin. Nothing is stored until you save it.',
+	},
+	unsaved: { id: 'app.skins.armor.unsaved', defaultMessage: 'Unsaved changes' },
+	resetToSaved: { id: 'app.skins.armor.reset-to-saved', defaultMessage: 'Reset to saved' },
+	restoreDefaults: {
+		id: 'app.skins.armor.restore-defaults',
+		defaultMessage: 'Restore defaults',
+	},
+	save: { id: 'app.skins.armor.save', defaultMessage: 'Save' },
+	close: { id: 'app.skins.armor.close', defaultMessage: 'Close' },
+})
+
+const draft = defineModel<ArmorPreviewConfig>({ required: true })
+const props = defineProps<{
+	saved: ArmorPreviewConfig
+	/** Stable id shared with the toggle so it can point `aria-controls` here. */
+	panelId: string
+}>()
+const emit = defineEmits<{
+	save: []
+	reset: []
+	defaults: []
+	close: []
+}>()
+
+const { formatMessage } = useVIntl()
+
+/**
+ * The tab is mounted only while it is showing, so this listens exactly for that
+ * window. It listens in the capture phase because the app's own global
+ * shortcuts listen on `window` the same way, and a bubble-phase listener here
+ * would be skipped as soon as anything closer stopped the event. A modal on top
+ * of the page owns Escape while it is up, and focus sits inside it, so the key
+ * is left to it.
+ */
+function handleKeydown(event: KeyboardEvent) {
+	if (event.key !== 'Escape') return
+	if (
+		event.target instanceof Element &&
+		event.target.closest('[role="dialog"], [role="alertdialog"], [aria-modal="true"]')
+	) {
+		return
+	}
+
+	emit('close')
+}
+
+onMounted(() => window.addEventListener('keydown', handleKeydown, true))
+onUnmounted(() => window.removeEventListener('keydown', handleKeydown, true))
+
+const isDirty = computed(() =>
+	Object.entries(draft.value).some(([slot, piece]) => {
+		const applied = props.saved[slot as keyof ArmorPreviewConfig]
+		return (
+			!applied ||
+			applied.material !== piece.material ||
+			applied.trimPattern !== piece.trimPattern ||
+			applied.trimMaterial !== piece.trimMaterial
+		)
+	}),
+)
+</script>
+
+<template>
+	<div
+		:id="panelId"
+		role="region"
+		:aria-label="formatMessage(messages.title)"
+		class="flex min-h-[24rem] flex-col gap-4 rounded-2xl border border-solid border-surface-5 bg-surface-2 p-4"
+	>
+		<header class="flex flex-wrap items-start justify-between gap-3">
+			<div class="min-w-0">
+				<h2 class="m-0 text-lg font-bold text-[var(--color-text-primary)]">
+					{{ formatMessage(messages.title) }}
+				</h2>
+				<p class="m-0 mt-1 text-sm leading-6 text-[var(--color-text-tertiary)]">
+					{{ formatMessage(messages.description) }}
+				</p>
+			</div>
+			<div class="flex shrink-0 flex-wrap items-center gap-2">
+				<span v-if="isDirty" class="text-sm font-semibold text-[var(--color-text-tertiary)]">
+					{{ formatMessage(messages.unsaved) }}
+				</span>
+				<Button type="outlined" @click="emit('close')"
+					><XIcon />{{ formatMessage(messages.close) }}</Button
+				>
+			</div>
+		</header>
+
+		<ArmorTrimPanel v-model="draft" />
+
+		<footer
+			class="mt-auto flex flex-wrap items-center justify-between gap-2 border-0 border-t border-solid border-surface-5 pt-3"
+		>
+			<div class="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-2">
+				<Button type="outlined" :disabled="!isDirty" @click="emit('reset')"
+					><RotateCounterClockwiseIcon />{{ formatMessage(messages.resetToSaved) }}</Button
+				>
+				<Button type="outlined" @click="emit('defaults')">{{
+					formatMessage(messages.restoreDefaults)
+				}}</Button>
+			</div>
+			<Button type="colored" color="brand" :disabled="!isDirty" @click="emit('save')"
+				><CheckIcon />{{ formatMessage(messages.save) }}</Button
+			>
+		</footer>
+	</div>
+</template>

apps/app-frontend/src/components/ui/skin/SkinListSkeleton.vue

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+<script setup lang="ts">
+const { sections = 2, cards = 12 } = defineProps<{
+	sections?: number
+	cards?: number
+}>()
+</script>
+
+<template>
+	<!--
+		Shaped after VirtualSkinSectionList: the same grid breakpoints and card
+		ratio, so the swap to real content does not move anything. Decorative, so
+		it stays out of the accessibility tree.
+	-->
+	<div class="flex flex-col gap-8" aria-hidden="true">
+		<div v-for="section in sections" :key="section" class="flex flex-col gap-4">
+			<div class="h-7 w-44 animate-pulse rounded-lg bg-surface-4" />
+			<div
+				class="grid w-full grid-cols-3 gap-3 min-[1300px]:grid-cols-4 min-[1750px]:grid-cols-5 min-[2050px]:grid-cols-6"
+			>
+				<div
+					v-for="card in cards"
+					:key="card"
+					class="aspect-[31/40] w-full animate-pulse rounded-[20px] bg-surface-4"
+				/>
+			</div>
+		</div>
+	</div>
+</template>

apps/app-frontend/src/helpers/skin-armor-preview.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict'
+import test from 'node:test'
+
+import { loadSkinArmorPreview, saveSkinArmorPreview } from './skin-armor-preview.ts'
+
+const originalStorage = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(globalThis, 'localStorage')
+
+function withStorage(run: (values: Map<string, string>) => void): void {
+	const values = new Map<string, string>()
+	Object.defineProperty(globalThis, 'localStorage', {
+		configurable: true,
+		value: {
+			getItem: (key: string) => values.get(key) ?? null,
+			setItem: (key: string, value: string) => values.set(key, value),
+		},
+	})
+	try {
+		run(values)
+	} finally {
+		if (originalStorage) Object.defineProperty(globalThis, 'localStorage', originalStorage)
+		else delete (globalThis as { localStorage?: Storage }).localStorage
+	}
+}
+
+test('armor preview selections survive storage round trips', () => {
+	withStorage(() => {
+		const config = loadSkinArmorPreview()
+		config.helmet.material = 'diamond'
+		config.helmet.trimPattern = 'sentry'
+		config.helmet.trimMaterial = 'gold'
+		saveSkinArmorPreview(config)
+
+		assert.deepEqual(loadSkinArmorPreview(), config)
+	})
+})
+
+test('invalid stored armor values fall back per slot and field', () => {
+	withStorage((values) => {
+		values.set(
+			'axolotl:skin-armor-preview',
+			JSON.stringify({
+				helmet: { material: 'diamond', trimPattern: 'invalid', trimMaterial: 'gold' },
+				boots: { material: 'turtle', trimPattern: 'sentry', trimMaterial: 'invalid' },
+			}),
+		)
+
+		const config = loadSkinArmorPreview()
+		assert.deepEqual(config.helmet, {
+			material: 'diamond',
+			trimPattern: null,
+			trimMaterial: 'gold',
+		})
+		assert.deepEqual(config.boots, {
+			material: null,
+			trimPattern: 'sentry',
+			trimMaterial: 'iron',
+		})
+		assert.equal(config.chestplate.material, null)
+	})
+})

apps/app-frontend/src/helpers/skin-armor-preview.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+import {
+	ARMOR_SLOTS,
+	ARMOR_TRIM_MATERIALS,
+	ARMOR_TRIM_PATTERNS,
+	armorMaterialsForSlot,
+	type ArmorPreviewConfig,
+	createDefaultArmorPreviewConfig,
+} from '@modrinth/ui'
+
+const STORAGE_KEY = 'axolotl:skin-armor-preview'
+
+function includes<T extends string>(values: readonly T[], value: unknown): value is T {
+	return typeof value === 'string' && values.some((item) => item === value)
+}
+
+export function loadSkinArmorPreview(): ArmorPreviewConfig {
+	const config = createDefaultArmorPreviewConfig()
+	try {
+		const saved = JSON.parse(globalThis.localStorage?.getItem(STORAGE_KEY) ?? 'null')
+		if (!saved || typeof saved !== 'object' || Array.isArray(saved)) return config
+
+		for (const slot of ARMOR_SLOTS) {
+			const piece = saved[slot]
+			if (!piece || typeof piece !== 'object' || Array.isArray(piece)) continue
+			if (piece.material === null || includes(armorMaterialsForSlot(slot), piece.material)) {
+				config[slot].material = piece.material
+			}
+			if (piece.trimPattern === null || includes(ARMOR_TRIM_PATTERNS, piece.trimPattern)) {
+				config[slot].trimPattern = piece.trimPattern
+			}
+			if (includes(ARMOR_TRIM_MATERIALS, piece.trimMaterial)) {
+				config[slot].trimMaterial = piece.trimMaterial
+			}
+		}
+	} catch {
+		// Invalid or unavailable local storage falls back to a fresh preview.
+	}
+	return config
+}
+
+export function saveSkinArmorPreview(config: ArmorPreviewConfig): void {
+	try {
+		globalThis.localStorage?.setItem(STORAGE_KEY, JSON.stringify(config))
+	} catch {
+		// The preview remains usable when local storage is unavailable.
+	}
+}

apps/app-frontend/src/pages/Skins.vue

@@ -9,9 +9,13 @@ import {
 	SpinnerIcon,
 } from '@modrinth/assets'
 import {
+	type ArmorPreviewConfig,
+	ArmorPreviewControls,
 	ButtonStyled,
+	cloneArmorPreviewConfig,
 	commonMessages,
 	ConfirmModal,
+	createDefaultArmorPreviewConfig,
 	defineMessages,
 	injectNotificationManager,
 	NavTabs,
@@ -24,12 +28,14 @@ import { invoke } from '@tauri-apps/api/core'
 import type { DragDropEvent } from '@tauri-apps/api/webview'
 import { getCurrentWebview } from '@tauri-apps/api/webview'
 import { computedAsync } from '@vueuse/core'
-import type { Ref } from 'vue'
+import type { ComponentPublicInstance, Ref } from 'vue'
 import { computed, inject, onMounted, onUnmounted, ref, useTemplateRef, watch } from 'vue'
 import { onBeforeRouteLeave, useRouter } from 'vue-router'
 
 import type AccountsCard from '@/components/ui/AccountsCard.vue'
+import ArmorTrimTab from '@/components/ui/skin/ArmorTrimTab.vue'
 import EditSkinModal from '@/components/ui/skin/EditSkinModal.vue'
+import SkinListSkeleton from '@/components/ui/skin/SkinListSkeleton.vue'
 import VirtualSkinSectionList from '@/components/ui/skin/VirtualSkinSectionList.vue'
 import {
 	openSkinSiteLogin,
@@ -45,6 +51,7 @@ import { useNetworkStatus } from '@/composables/useNetworkStatus'
 import { check_reachable, get_default_user, users } from '@/helpers/auth'
 import type { RenderResult } from '@/helpers/rendering/batch-skin-renderer.ts'
 import { skinBlobUrlMap } from '@/helpers/rendering/batch-skin-renderer.ts'
+import { loadSkinArmorPreview, saveSkinArmorPreview } from '@/helpers/skin-armor-preview'
 import type { Cape, Skin, SkinTextureUrl } from '@/helpers/skins.ts'
 import {
 	determineModelType,
@@ -252,6 +259,8 @@ const editSkinModal = useTemplateRef('editSkinModal')
 const addSkinFileInput = useTemplateRef<HTMLInputElement>('addSkinFileInput')
 const skinSectionList = useTemplateRef<VirtualSkinSectionListExpose>('skinSectionList')
 const skinPreviewArea = useTemplateRef<HTMLElement>('skinPreviewArea')
+const armorTrimTab = useTemplateRef<ComponentPublicInstance>('armorTrimTab')
+const armorPreviewControls = useTemplateRef<ComponentPublicInstance>('armorPreviewControls')
 
 const { formatMessage } = useVIntl()
 const router = useRouter()
@@ -391,7 +400,8 @@ const isAddSkinButtonDragActive = ref(false)
 
 const deleteSkinModal = ref()
 const skinToDelete = ref<Skin | null>(null)
-const skinListTab = ref<'saved' | 'default'>('saved')
+const lastSkinListTab = ref<'saved' | 'default'>('saved')
+const skinListTab = ref<'saved' | 'default' | 'armor'>('saved')
 
 const skinListTabLinks = computed(() => [
 	{
@@ -403,6 +413,70 @@ const skinListTabLinks = computed(() => [
 		label: formatMessage(messages.defaultTab),
 	},
 ])
+const ARMOR_TRIM_PANEL_ID = 'skins-armor-trim-panel'
+const savedArmorPreview = ref<ArmorPreviewConfig>(loadSkinArmorPreview())
+const armorPreviewConfig = ref<ArmorPreviewConfig>(cloneArmorPreviewConfig(savedArmorPreview.value))
+
+function saveArmorPreview() {
+	savedArmorPreview.value = cloneArmorPreviewConfig(armorPreviewConfig.value)
+	saveSkinArmorPreview(savedArmorPreview.value)
+}
+
+function resetArmorPreviewToSaved() {
+	armorPreviewConfig.value = cloneArmorPreviewConfig(savedArmorPreview.value)
+}
+
+function restoreDefaultArmorPreview() {
+	armorPreviewConfig.value = createDefaultArmorPreviewConfig()
+}
+
+/** A third tab behind the two list tabs, opened from the preview's action row. */
+function openArmorTab() {
+	if (skinListTab.value !== 'armor') lastSkinListTab.value = skinListTab.value
+
+	skinListTab.value = 'armor'
+}
+
+/**
+ * Whether an element belongs to the armour surface: somewhere inside the open
+ * armour tab or the button that toggles it. Only those hold a focus ring that
+ * would be left behind when the tab closes.
+ */
+function isArmorPreviewElement(element: Element) {
+	const tabElement: unknown = armorTrimTab.value?.$el
+	const toggleElement: unknown = armorPreviewControls.value?.$el
+
+	return (
+		(tabElement instanceof Element && tabElement.contains(element)) ||
+		(toggleElement instanceof Element && toggleElement.contains(element))
+	)
+}
+
+function closeArmorTab() {
+	// Leaving the tab drops whatever was not saved on purpose.
+	resetArmorPreviewToSaved()
+	skinListTab.value = lastSkinListTab.value
+
+	// Escape and the toggle both leave the armour button holding focus, which
+	// keeps its focus ring drawn until something else is clicked. Only drop that
+	// ring when the focus sits on the armour surface, never on an unrelated
+	// control that happened to hold it when Escape was pressed.
+	const focused = document.activeElement
+	if (focused instanceof HTMLElement && isArmorPreviewElement(focused)) focused.blur()
+}
+
+/**
+ * The tab bar keeps the last list tab highlighted while the armour tab shows, so
+ * picking one of them leaves the armour tab. That transition has to drop the
+ * draft exactly like the toggle and Escape paths do, or it lingers on the model
+ * while the panel is gone.
+ */
+function selectSkinListTab(index: number) {
+	if (skinListTab.value === 'armor') resetArmorPreviewToSaved()
+
+	lastSkinListTab.value = index === 0 ? 'saved' : 'default'
+	skinListTab.value = lastSkinListTab.value
+}
 
 function confirmDeleteSkin(skin: Skin) {
 	if (isSkinManagementReadOnly.value) return
@@ -1211,6 +1285,9 @@ await loadSkins()
 				class="ml-5 mt-4 flex h-[calc(80vh-1rem)] items-center justify-center max-[700px]:h-[calc(50vh-1rem)]"
 			>
 				<SkinPreviewRenderer
+					v-model:armor-config="armorPreviewConfig"
+					armor-preview
+					:armor-controls="false"
 					:cape-src="capeTexture"
 					:texture-src="skinTexture || ''"
 					:variant="skinVariant"
@@ -1257,6 +1334,16 @@ await loadSkins()
 							<EditIcon />
 							{{ formatMessage(messages.editSkinButton) }}
 						</button>
+						<ArmorPreviewControls
+							v-if="!isSkinSiteProfile"
+							ref="armorPreviewControls"
+							v-model="armorPreviewConfig"
+							panel="external"
+							:panel-id="ARMOR_TRIM_PANEL_ID"
+							:open="skinListTab === 'armor'"
+							@open="openArmorTab"
+							@close="closeArmorTab"
+						/>
 					</template>
 				</SkinPreviewRenderer>
 			</div>
@@ -1265,14 +1352,10 @@ await loadSkins()
 		<div class="pt-2">
 			<div class="mb-4 flex flex-wrap items-center justify-between gap-3">
 				<NavTabs
-					:active-index="skinListTab === 'saved' ? 0 : 1"
+					:active-index="lastSkinListTab === 'saved' ? 0 : 1"
 					:links="skinListTabLinks"
 					mode="local"
-					@tab-click="
+					@tab-click="selectSkinListTab"
-						(index: number) => {
-							skinListTab = index === 0 ? 'saved' : 'default'
-						}
-					"
 				/>
 				<ButtonStyled v-if="!isSkinSiteProfile" color="brand">
 					<button @click="router.push('/lab/skin-editor')">
@@ -1281,27 +1364,45 @@ await loadSkins()
 					</button>
 				</ButtonStyled>
 			</div>
-			<VirtualSkinSectionList
+			<Transition name="armor-tab" mode="out-in">
-				ref="skinSectionList"
+				<div v-if="skinListTab !== 'armor'" key="list">
-				:active-tab="skinListTab"
+					<SkinListSkeleton v-if="isSkinListBuffering" />
-				:saved-skins="savedSkins"
+					<VirtualSkinSectionList
-				:default-skin-sections="defaultSkinSections"
+						v-show="!isSkinListBuffering"
-				:get-baked-skin-textures="getBakedSkinTextures"
+						ref="skinSectionList"
-				:is-skin-selected="isSkinSelected"
+						:active-tab="skinListTab"
-				:is-skin-active="isSkinActive"
+						:saved-skins="savedSkins"
-				:is-add-skin-button-drag-active="isAddSkinButtonDragActive"
+						:default-skin-sections="defaultSkinSections"
-				:read-only="isSkinManagementReadOnly"
+						:get-baked-skin-textures="getBakedSkinTextures"
-				:manage-saved-skins="!isSkinSiteProfile"
+						:is-skin-selected="isSkinSelected"
-				@select="changeSkin"
+						:is-skin-active="isSkinActive"
-				@edit="(skin, event) => !isSkinSiteProfile && editSkinModal?.show(event, skin)"
+						:is-add-skin-button-drag-active="isAddSkinButtonDragActive"
-				@delete="confirmDeleteSkin"
+						:read-only="isSkinManagementReadOnly"
-				@reorder-saved-skins="reorderSavedSkins"
+						:manage-saved-skins="!isSkinSiteProfile"
-				@add-skin="openAddSkinFileBrowser"
+						@select="changeSkin"
-				@add-skin-dragenter="onAddSkinDragOver"
+						@edit="(skin, event) => !isSkinSiteProfile && editSkinModal?.show(event, skin)"
-				@add-skin-dragover="onAddSkinDragOver"
+						@delete="confirmDeleteSkin"
-				@add-skin-dragleave="onAddSkinDragLeave"
+						@reorder-saved-skins="reorderSavedSkins"
-				@add-skin-drop="onAddSkinDrop"
+						@add-skin="openAddSkinFileBrowser"
-			/>
+						@add-skin-dragenter="onAddSkinDragOver"
+						@add-skin-dragover="onAddSkinDragOver"
+						@add-skin-dragleave="onAddSkinDragLeave"
+						@add-skin-drop="onAddSkinDrop"
+					/>
+				</div>
+				<ArmorTrimTab
+					v-else
+					ref="armorTrimTab"
+					key="armor"
+					v-model="armorPreviewConfig"
+					:panel-id="ARMOR_TRIM_PANEL_ID"
+					:saved="savedArmorPreview"
+					@save="saveArmorPreview"
+					@reset="resetArmorPreviewToSaved"
+					@defaults="restoreDefaultArmorPreview"
+					@close="closeArmorTab"
+				/>
+			</Transition>
 		</div>
 	</div>
 
@@ -1382,4 +1483,17 @@ await loadSkins()
 		grid-template-columns: 1fr;
 	}
 }
+// The armour tab crossfades with the skin list it replaces.
+.armor-tab-enter-active,
+.armor-tab-leave-active {
+	transition:
+		opacity 180ms ease,
+		transform 180ms ease;
+}
+
+.armor-tab-enter-from,
+.armor-tab-leave-to {
+	opacity: 0;
+	transform: translateY(0.5rem);
+}
 </style>

apps/app/Cargo.toml

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 [package]
 name = "theseus_gui"
 # The actual version is set by the theseus-build workflow on tagging
-version = "1.0.0-beta15"
+version = "1.0.2-beta4"
 edition.workspace = true
 description = "Axolotl Launcher is a cross-platform Minecraft launcher"
 homepage = "https://www.ghs.red"

packages/app-lib/Cargo.toml

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 [package]
 name = "theseus"
 # The actual version is set by the theseus-build workflow on tagging
-version = "1.0.0-beta15"
+version = "1.0.2-beta4"
 edition.workspace = true
 
 [dependencies]

packages/app-lib/src/launcher/download.rs

@@ -1947,9 +1947,9 @@ pub async fn download_assets(
     // failures. Runs concurrently (same budget as the original scheduler) so
     // import flows are not serialised.
     if !fallback_assets.is_empty() {
-        let limit = crate::util::download::task_concurrency_limit(st)
+        let limit =
-            .map(|limit| limit.saturating_mul(2))
+            crate::util::download::single_authority_task_concurrency_limit(st)
-            .unwrap_or(ASSET_BATCH_CONCURRENCY);
+                .unwrap_or(ASSET_BATCH_CONCURRENCY);
         futures::stream::iter(fallback_assets)
             .map(Ok::<FallbackAsset, crate::Error>)
             .try_for_each_concurrent(limit, |item| {
@@ -2123,7 +2123,7 @@ pub async fn download_libraries(
     let num_files = tasks.len();
     loading_try_for_each_concurrent(
 		stream::iter(tasks).map(Ok::<LibraryDownloadTask<'_>, crate::Error>),
-		crate::util::download::task_concurrency_limit(&st).map(|limit| limit.saturating_mul(2)),
+		crate::util::download::task_concurrency_limit(&st),
         loading_bar,
         loading_amount,
         num_files,

packages/app-lib/src/launcher/mod.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 //! Logic for launching Minecraft
-use crate::api::pack::import::direct_link::direct_link_group;
 use crate::data::ModLoader;
 use crate::event::emit::{emit_instance, emit_loading, init_loading};
 use crate::event::{InstancePayloadType, LoadingBarType};
@@ -717,14 +716,6 @@ async fn promote_external_instance_link(
         &mut tx,
     )
     .await?;
-    if let Some(group) = direct_link_group(&direct.dot_minecraft) {
-        crate::state::instances::adapters::sqlite::instance_rows::replace_instance_groups(
-            &instance.id,
-            &[group],
-            &mut tx,
-        )
-        .await?;
-    }
     tx.commit().await?;
     emit_instance(&instance.id, InstancePayloadType::Edited).await?;
     Ok(())

packages/app-lib/src/state/instances/commands/create_direct_link_instance.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 use crate::api::pack::import::{
-    ImportLauncherType,
+    ImportLauncherType, direct_link::resolve_direct_link,
-    direct_link::{direct_link_group, resolve_direct_link},
 };
 use crate::launcher::ExternalGameDirMode;
 use crate::state::instances::{
@@ -156,11 +155,6 @@ pub(crate) async fn create_direct_link_instance(
         &mut tx,
     )
     .await?;
-    let groups = direct_link_group(&resolved.dot_minecraft)
-        .into_iter()
-        .collect::<Vec<_>>();
-    instance_rows::replace_instance_groups(&instance_id, &groups, &mut tx)
-        .await?;
     instance_rows::upsert_instance_launch_overrides(&launch_overrides, &mut tx)
         .await?;
     tx.commit().await?;

packages/app-lib/src/state/instances/commands/sync_direct_link_instances.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 use super::create_direct_link_instance::create_direct_link_instance;
 use crate::api::pack::import::direct_link::{
-    detect_direct_link_source, direct_link_group,
+    detect_direct_link_source, has_minecraft_version_manifest,
-    has_minecraft_version_manifest, resolve_direct_link,
+    resolve_direct_link,
 };
 use crate::event::{InstancePayloadType, emit::emit_instance};
 use crate::launcher::ExternalGameDirMode;
@@ -163,11 +163,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn sync_direct_link_instances(
                 let content_changed = metadata.applied_content_set.game_version
                     != resolved.game_version
                     || metadata.applied_content_set.loader != resolved.loader;
-                let groups = direct_link_group(&resolved.dot_minecraft)
+                if fields_changed || content_changed {
-                    .into_iter()
-                    .collect::<Vec<_>>();
-                let groups_changed = metadata.groups != groups;
-                if fields_changed || content_changed || groups_changed {
                     if content_changed {
                         crate::state::edit_instance(
                             &instance.id,
@@ -216,12 +212,6 @@ pub(crate) async fn sync_direct_link_instances(
                         &mut tx,
                     )
                     .await?;
-                    instance_rows::replace_instance_groups(
-                        &instance.id,
-                        &groups,
-                        &mut tx,
-                    )
-                    .await?;
                     tx.commit().await?;
                     let _ = emit_instance(
                         &instance.id,

packages/app-lib/src/state/mod.rs

@@ -118,6 +118,7 @@ pub struct State {
     download_sample_requests: AtomicU64,
     download_sample_errors: AtomicU64,
     download_sample_throttles: AtomicU64,
+    download_sample_queue_waits: AtomicU64,
     pub(crate) install_job_semaphore: Semaphore,
     pub(crate) install_db_semaphore: Semaphore,
     pub(crate) install_job_cancellations: DashMap<Uuid, CancellationToken>,
@@ -196,6 +197,7 @@ struct AutoConcurrencySample {
     requests: u64,
     errors: u64,
     throttles: u64,
+    queue_waits: u64,
 }
 
 /// Per-instance lock registry with task-local reentrancy.
@@ -399,6 +401,15 @@ impl AutoConcurrencyController {
         } else {
             sample.errors as f64 / sample.requests as f64
         };
+        if sample.queue_waits > 0 {
+            self.high_utilization_windows = 0;
+            self.pressure_windows = 0;
+            self.probe = None;
+            self.cooldown_until = Some(now + AUTO_DOWNLOAD_PROBE_COOLDOWN);
+            return current
+                .saturating_sub(current.div_ceil(4))
+                .max(AUTO_DOWNLOAD_CONCURRENCY_MIN);
+        }
         // A single throttled window is handled by the per-host limiter; the
         // global concurrency only backs off when pressure persists across
         // several samples, and then in small steps instead of a big cut.
@@ -677,6 +688,11 @@ impl State {
         self.download_sample_errors.fetch_add(1, Ordering::AcqRel);
     }
 
+    pub(crate) fn record_download_queue_wait(&self) {
+        self.download_sample_queue_waits
+            .fetch_add(1, Ordering::AcqRel);
+    }
+
     pub(crate) fn update_download_settings(
         self: &Arc<Self>,
         settings: &Settings,
@@ -735,6 +751,7 @@ impl State {
                 self.download_sample_requests.swap(0, Ordering::AcqRel);
                 self.download_sample_errors.swap(0, Ordering::AcqRel);
                 self.download_sample_throttles.swap(0, Ordering::AcqRel);
+                self.download_sample_queue_waits.swap(0, Ordering::AcqRel);
                 continue;
             }
             let sample = AutoConcurrencySample {
@@ -749,6 +766,9 @@ impl State {
                 throttles: self
                     .download_sample_throttles
                     .swap(0, Ordering::AcqRel),
+                queue_waits: self
+                    .download_sample_queue_waits
+                    .swap(0, Ordering::AcqRel),
             };
             let current = self.download_concurrency();
             let ceiling =
@@ -771,6 +791,7 @@ impl State {
                     requests = sample.requests,
                     errors = sample.errors,
                     throttles = sample.throttles,
+                    queue_waits = sample.queue_waits,
                     "Adjusted automatic download concurrency"
                 );
                 self.resize_download_concurrency(target);
@@ -935,6 +956,7 @@ impl State {
             download_sample_requests: AtomicU64::new(0),
             download_sample_errors: AtomicU64::new(0),
             download_sample_throttles: AtomicU64::new(0),
+            download_sample_queue_waits: AtomicU64::new(0),
             install_job_semaphore: Semaphore::new(MAX_CONCURRENT_INSTALL_JOBS),
             install_db_semaphore: Semaphore::new(1),
             install_job_cancellations: DashMap::new(),
@@ -1024,6 +1046,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn test_state(
         download_sample_requests: AtomicU64::new(0),
         download_sample_errors: AtomicU64::new(0),
         download_sample_throttles: AtomicU64::new(0),
+        download_sample_queue_waits: AtomicU64::new(0),
         install_job_semaphore: Semaphore::new(1),
         install_db_semaphore: Semaphore::new(1),
         install_job_cancellations: DashMap::new(),
@@ -1053,9 +1076,24 @@ mod auto_concurrency_tests {
             requests: 100,
             errors: 0,
             throttles: 0,
+            queue_waits: 0,
         }
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn queue_pressure_backs_off_immediately_and_repeatedly() {
+        let mut controller = AutoConcurrencyController::default();
+        let now = Instant::now();
+        let congested = AutoConcurrencySample {
+            queue_waits: 1,
+            ..healthy(8, 100)
+        };
+
+        assert_eq!(controller.next_target(now, 128, 128, congested), 96);
+        assert_eq!(controller.next_target(now, 96, 128, congested), 72);
+        assert_eq!(controller.next_target(now, 16, 128, congested), 16);
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn probes_up_after_two_saturated_windows_and_respects_ceiling() {
         let mut controller = AutoConcurrencyController::default();
@@ -1130,6 +1168,7 @@ mod auto_concurrency_tests {
             requests: 100,
             errors: 5,
             throttles: 0,
+            queue_waits: 0,
         };
         assert_eq!(controller.next_target(Instant::now(), 16, 128, sample), 16);
     }

packages/app-lib/src/util/download/h2_download.rs

@@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ pub(crate) enum H2DownloadOutcome {
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
 pub(crate) enum H2DownloadFailure {
     Ineligible(&'static str),
+    Capacity,
     Connect,
     Tls,
     Protocol,
@@ -76,6 +77,7 @@ impl H2DownloadFailure {
     pub(crate) const fn as_str(self) -> &'static str {
         match self {
             Self::Ineligible(reason) => reason,
+            Self::Capacity => "HTTP/2 connection capacity is unavailable",
             Self::Connect => "HTTP/2 TCP connection failed",
             Self::Tls => "HTTP/2 TLS connection failed",
             Self::Protocol => "HTTP/2 protocol failed",
@@ -104,6 +106,7 @@ impl H2DownloadFailure {
 pub(crate) async fn try_download_via_h2(
     request: &DownloadRequest,
     route: &DownloadRoute,
+    semaphore: &fetch::FetchSemaphore,
     destination: &Path,
     part_path: &Path,
     policy: super::native::NativeH2Policy,
@@ -122,13 +125,19 @@ pub(crate) async fn try_download_via_h2(
             preserve_partial: false,
         };
     }
-    let connection = match connect_authority(
+    let connection_wait =
-        route,
+        connect_authority(route, true, policy.allow_cold_connection);
-        true,
+    let connection_result = if let Some(cancellation) =
-        policy.allow_cold_connection,
+        request.cancellation.as_ref()
-    )
-    .await
     {
+        tokio::select! {
+            _ = cancellation.cancelled() => return H2DownloadOutcome::Canceled,
+            result = connection_wait => result,
+        }
+    } else {
+        connection_wait.await
+    };
+    let connection = match connection_result {
         Ok(connection) => connection,
         Err(failure) => {
             return H2DownloadOutcome::Fallback {
@@ -137,6 +146,30 @@ pub(crate) async fn try_download_via_h2(
             };
         }
     };
+    // The shared connection reserves native capacity when it is created.
+    // Acquire the per-download permit afterwards so every native path uses
+    // the same native-then-fetch order and cannot form a circular wait.
+    let fetch_permit_wait =
+        fetch::acquire_fetch_permit_with_pressure(semaphore);
+    let fetch_permit_result = if let Some(cancellation) =
+        request.cancellation.as_ref()
+    {
+        tokio::select! {
+            _ = cancellation.cancelled() => return H2DownloadOutcome::Canceled,
+            result = fetch_permit_wait => result,
+        }
+    } else {
+        fetch_permit_wait.await
+    };
+    let _fetch_permit = match fetch_permit_result {
+        Ok(permit) => permit,
+        Err(_) => {
+            return H2DownloadOutcome::Fallback {
+                failure: H2DownloadFailure::Connect,
+                preserve_partial: false,
+            };
+        }
+    };
     let Ok(uri) = route.url.parse::<Uri>() else {
         return H2DownloadOutcome::Fallback {
             failure: H2DownloadFailure::Http,
@@ -156,14 +189,20 @@ pub(crate) async fn try_download_via_h2(
     let total_size = if let Some(size) = expected_size {
         size
     } else {
-        let _probe_stream_permit = match tokio::time::timeout(
+        let probe_wait = super::h2_stream_budget::acquire_with_pressure(route);
-            ASSET_RESOURCE_WAIT_TIMEOUT,
+        let probe_result = if let Some(cancellation) =
-            super::h2_stream_budget::acquire(route),
+            request.cancellation.as_ref()
-        )
-        .await
         {
-            Ok(Ok(permit)) => permit,
+            tokio::select! {
-            Ok(Err(_)) | Err(_) => {
+                _ = cancellation.cancelled() => return H2DownloadOutcome::Canceled,
+                result = probe_wait => result,
+            }
+        } else {
+            probe_wait.await
+        };
+        let _probe_stream_permit = match probe_result {
+            Ok(permit) => permit,
+            Err(_) => {
                 return H2DownloadOutcome::Fallback {
                     failure: H2DownloadFailure::Connect,
                     preserve_partial: false,
@@ -239,10 +278,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn try_download_via_h2(
         crate::install::DownloadItemStatus::WaitingForResource,
     )
     .await;
-    let stream_wait = tokio::time::timeout(
+    let stream_wait = super::h2_stream_budget::acquire_with_pressure(route);
-        ASSET_RESOURCE_WAIT_TIMEOUT,
-        super::h2_stream_budget::acquire(route),
-    );
     let stream_wait_started = Instant::now();
     let stream_result = if let Some(cancellation) =
         request.cancellation.as_ref()
@@ -255,8 +291,8 @@ pub(crate) async fn try_download_via_h2(
         stream_wait.await
     };
     let _stream_permit = match stream_result {
-        Ok(Ok(permit)) => permit,
+        Ok(permit) => permit,
-        Ok(Err(_)) | Err(_) => {
+        Err(_) => {
             return H2DownloadOutcome::Fallback {
                 failure: H2DownloadFailure::Connect,
                 preserve_partial: false,
@@ -327,6 +363,7 @@ async fn connect_authority(
                 "Failed to establish shared HTTP/2 connection"
             );
             Err(match error.kind {
+                H2ConnectFailureKind::Capacity => H2DownloadFailure::Capacity,
                 H2ConnectFailureKind::Tcp => H2DownloadFailure::Connect,
                 H2ConnectFailureKind::Tls => H2DownloadFailure::Tls,
                 H2ConnectFailureKind::Protocol => H2DownloadFailure::Protocol,
@@ -771,6 +808,12 @@ mod tests {
     use super::*;
     use bytes::Bytes;
 
+    #[test]
+    fn capacity_wait_is_not_classified_as_a_transport_failure() {
+        assert!(!H2DownloadFailure::Capacity.is_transfer_failure());
+        assert!(!H2DownloadFailure::Capacity.should_cooldown_authority());
+    }
+
     #[tokio::test]
     async fn single_stream_reports_bytes_before_the_response_finishes() {
         let size = 512 * 1024;
@@ -1183,28 +1226,6 @@ async fn download_asset_item(
             "timed out waiting for asset destination lock".to_string(),
         )
     })?;
-    let fetch_permit = if apply_native_policy {
-        let Some(semaphore) = native_semaphore else {
-            return Err(crate::ErrorKind::OtherError(
-                "native asset batch is missing fetch budget".to_string(),
-            )
-            .into());
-        };
-        Some(
-            tokio::time::timeout(
-                ASSET_RESOURCE_WAIT_TIMEOUT,
-                semaphore.0.acquire(),
-            )
-            .await
-            .map_err(|_| {
-                crate::ErrorKind::NetworkError(
-                    "timed out waiting for asset fetch permit".to_string(),
-                )
-            })??,
-        )
-    } else {
-        None
-    };
     // A different downloader may have committed the object while this item
     // waited for the destination lock. Reuse it instead of opening another
     // stream, which also prevents cross-engine `.part`/rename races.
@@ -1243,24 +1264,26 @@ async fn download_asset_item(
             return Ok(AssetBatchItemOutcome::LocalObjectFailed { error });
         }
     };
-    let _stream_permit = if apply_native_policy {
+    // Resolve the primary or lazily expanded sibling before taking the fetch
-        Some(
+    // permit. Shared connections reserve native capacity, so this preserves
-            tokio::time::timeout(
+    // the native-then-fetch order used by every other native path.
-                ASSET_RESOURCE_WAIT_TIMEOUT,
+    let connection = connections.connection(rescue).await;
-                super::h2_stream_budget::acquire_asset(route),
+    let fetch_permit = if apply_native_policy {
+        let Some(semaphore) = native_semaphore else {
+            return Err(crate::ErrorKind::OtherError(
+                "native asset batch is missing fetch budget".to_string(),
             )
-            .await
+            .into());
-            .map_err(|_| {
+        };
-                crate::ErrorKind::NetworkError(
+        Some(fetch::acquire_fetch_permit_with_pressure(semaphore).await?)
-                    "timed out waiting for asset HTTP/2 stream permit"
+    } else {
-                        .to_string(),
+        None
-                )
+    };
-            })??,
+    let _stream_permit = if apply_native_policy {
-        )
+        Some(super::h2_stream_budget::acquire_asset_with_pressure(route).await?)
     } else {
         None
     };
-    let connection = connections.connection(rescue).await;
     let _connection_stream = connection.track_stream();
     let mut headers = HeaderMap::new();
     headers.insert(

packages/app-lib/src/util/download/h2_pool.rs

@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ const CONNECTION_WAIT_TIMEOUT: Duration = Duration::from_secs(45);
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, Eq, PartialEq)]
 pub(crate) enum H2ConnectFailureKind {
+    Capacity,
     Tcp,
     Tls,
     Protocol,
@@ -357,9 +358,41 @@ async fn connect_tcp(host: &str, port: u16) -> std::io::Result<TcpStream> {
 }
 
 /// Connects a new shared HTTP/2 connection to `authority` (host[:port]).
-async fn establish(
+async fn reserve_physical_budget(
     route: &DownloadRoute,
     reserve_native_budget: bool,
+) -> Result<Option<super::native_budget::NativeBudgetPermit>, H2ConnectError> {
+    Ok(if reserve_native_budget {
+        Some(
+            crate::util::fetch::wait_for_download_resource(
+                super::native_budget::acquire(route),
+            )
+            .await
+            .map_err(|_| {
+                H2ConnectError::new(
+                    H2ConnectFailureKind::Capacity,
+                    "HTTP/2 connection capacity remained stalled for 5 minutes"
+                        .to_string(),
+                )
+            })?
+            .map_err(|error| {
+                H2ConnectError::new(
+                    H2ConnectFailureKind::Capacity,
+                    format!(
+                        "failed to reserve HTTP/2 connection capacity: {error}"
+                    ),
+                )
+            })?,
+        )
+    } else {
+        None
+    })
+}
+
+/// Connects a new shared HTTP/2 connection to `authority` (host[:port]).
+async fn establish(
+    route: &DownloadRoute,
+    physical_budget: Option<super::native_budget::NativeBudgetPermit>,
 ) -> Result<Arc<SharedH2Connection>, H2ConnectError> {
     let authority =
         crate::util::fetch::url_authority(&route.url).ok_or_else(|| {
@@ -368,16 +401,6 @@ async fn establish(
                 "HTTP/2 route has no authority".to_string(),
             )
         })?;
-    let physical_budget = if reserve_native_budget {
-        Some(super::native_budget::acquire(route).await.map_err(|error| {
-            H2ConnectError::new(
-                H2ConnectFailureKind::Tcp,
-                format!("failed to reserve HTTP/2 connection capacity: {error}"),
-            )
-        })?)
-    } else {
-        None
-    };
     let (host, port) = authority
         .rsplit_once(':')
         .map(|(host, port)| (host, port.parse::<u16>().unwrap_or(443)))
@@ -487,16 +510,16 @@ pub(crate) async fn shared_connection(
             )
         })?;
     let slot = connection_slot(&authority).await;
-    let mut cached = tokio::time::timeout(CONNECTION_WAIT_TIMEOUT, slot.lock())
+    let mut cached = crate::util::fetch::wait_for_download_resource(
-        .await
+        slot.lock(),
-        .map_err(|_| {
+    )
-            H2ConnectError::new(
+    .await
-                H2ConnectFailureKind::Protocol,
+    .map_err(|_| {
-                format!(
+        H2ConnectError::new(
-                    "timed out waiting for HTTP/2 connection slot {authority}"
+            H2ConnectFailureKind::Capacity,
-                ),
+            format!("HTTP/2 connection slot remained stalled for {authority}"),
-            )
+        )
-        })?;
+    })?;
     if let Some(connection) = cached.as_ref().filter(|connection| {
         !connection.is_dead() && !connection.is_idle_expired()
     }) {
@@ -525,9 +548,11 @@ pub(crate) async fn shared_connection(
         ));
     }
     tracing::debug!(authority, "Establishing cold shared HTTP/2 connection");
+    let physical_budget =
+        reserve_physical_budget(route, reserve_native_budget).await?;
     let connection = tokio::time::timeout(
         CONNECTION_WAIT_TIMEOUT,
-        establish(route, reserve_native_budget),
+        establish(route, physical_budget),
     )
     .await
     .map_err(|_| {
@@ -555,15 +580,16 @@ pub(crate) async fn shared_batch_connection(
             )
         })?;
     let slot = batch_connection_slot(&authority).await;
-    let mut cached = tokio::time::timeout(
+    let mut cached = crate::util::fetch::wait_for_download_resource(
-        CONNECTION_WAIT_TIMEOUT,
         slot.lock(),
     )
     .await
     .map_err(|_| {
         H2ConnectError::new(
-            H2ConnectFailureKind::Protocol,
+            H2ConnectFailureKind::Capacity,
-            format!("timed out waiting for asset HTTP/2 connection slot {authority}"),
+            format!(
+                "asset HTTP/2 connection slot remained stalled for {authority}"
+            ),
         )
     })?;
     if let Some(connection) = cached.as_ref().filter(|connection| {
@@ -591,9 +617,11 @@ pub(crate) async fn shared_batch_connection(
         *cached = None;
     }
     tracing::debug!(authority, "Establishing sibling HTTP/2 asset connection");
+    let physical_budget =
+        reserve_physical_budget(route, reserve_native_budget).await?;
     let connection = tokio::time::timeout(
         CONNECTION_WAIT_TIMEOUT,
-        establish(route, reserve_native_budget),
+        establish(route, physical_budget),
     )
     .await
     .map_err(|_| {
@@ -614,10 +642,13 @@ pub(crate) async fn has_live_connection(authority: &str) -> bool {
         return false;
     };
     drop(connections);
-    let live = slot
+    let Ok(cached) = slot.try_lock() else {
-        .lock()
+        // This is only an eligibility probe. A busy slot means another task
-        .await
+        // is establishing or refreshing the connection; do not queue this
+        // caller behind that work before its cancellation-aware download path.
+        return false;
+    };
+    cached
         .as_ref()
-        .is_some_and(|connection| !connection.is_dead());
+        .is_some_and(|connection| !connection.is_dead())
-    live
 }

packages/app-lib/src/util/download/h2_range.rs

@@ -218,13 +218,9 @@ async fn download_range(
         crate::install::DownloadItemStatus::WaitingForResource,
     )
     .await;
-    let _permit = tokio::time::timeout(
+    let _permit = super::h2_stream_budget::acquire_with_pressure(route)
-        Duration::from_secs(45),
+        .await
-        super::h2_stream_budget::acquire(route),
+        .map_err(|_| H2DownloadFailure::Connect)?;
-    )
-    .await
-    .map_err(|_| H2DownloadFailure::Connect)?
-    .map_err(|_| H2DownloadFailure::Connect)?;
     super::h2_download::record_install_stage(
         request,
         crate::install::DownloadItemStatus::Downloading,

packages/app-lib/src/util/download/h2_stream_budget.rs

@@ -104,6 +104,20 @@ pub(crate) async fn acquire(
     }
 }
 
+pub(crate) async fn acquire_with_pressure(
+    route: &DownloadRoute,
+) -> crate::Result<H2StreamPermit> {
+    crate::util::fetch::wait_for_download_resource(acquire(route))
+        .await
+        .map_err(|_| {
+            crate::Error::from(crate::ErrorKind::NetworkError(
+                "HTTP/2 stream permit remained stalled for 5 minutes"
+                    .to_string(),
+            ))
+        })?
+        .map_err(Into::into)
+}
+
 /// Acquires a stream for the Minecraft asset batch. Assets retain a large
 /// logical worker window, but use a separate physical stream pool so they
 /// cannot consume the ordinary native content share.
@@ -134,10 +148,25 @@ pub(crate) async fn acquire_asset(
     }
 }
 
+pub(crate) async fn acquire_asset_with_pressure(
+    route: &DownloadRoute,
+) -> crate::Result<H2StreamPermit> {
+    crate::util::fetch::wait_for_download_resource(acquire_asset(route))
+        .await
+        .map_err(|_| {
+            crate::Error::from(crate::ErrorKind::NetworkError(
+                "asset HTTP/2 stream permit remained stalled for 5 minutes"
+                    .to_string(),
+            ))
+        })?
+        .map_err(Into::into)
+}
+
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
     use crate::util::fetch::DownloadRouteSource;
+    use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicUsize, Ordering};
 
     fn route() -> DownloadRoute {
         DownloadRoute {
@@ -190,4 +219,40 @@ mod tests {
             MAX_H2_STREAMS_PER_AUTHORITY
         );
     }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn contended_stream_wait_reports_pressure_and_resumes() {
+        let route = DownloadRoute {
+            url: "https://h2-pressure.example/file".to_string(),
+            source: DownloadRouteSource::Official,
+            is_mirror: false,
+            allow_sensitive_headers: true,
+            supports_range: true,
+            proxy: ProxyPolicy::Direct,
+        };
+        let mut held = Vec::new();
+        for _ in 0..MAX_H2_STREAMS_PER_AUTHORITY {
+            held.push(acquire(&route).await.unwrap());
+        }
+        let pressure = Arc::new(AtomicUsize::new(0));
+        let observed = Arc::clone(&pressure);
+        let release = tokio::spawn(async move {
+            tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_millis(35)).await;
+            drop(held);
+        });
+
+        let permit = crate::util::fetch::wait_for_resource_with_pressure(
+            acquire(&route),
+            Duration::from_millis(5),
+            Duration::from_millis(100),
+            move || {
+                observed.fetch_add(1, Ordering::Relaxed);
+            },
+        )
+        .await;
+
+        release.await.unwrap();
+        assert!(permit.is_ok());
+        assert!(pressure.load(Ordering::Relaxed) >= 1);
+    }
 }

packages/app-lib/src/util/download/mod.rs

@@ -73,6 +73,19 @@ pub(crate) fn task_concurrency_limit(state: &crate::State) -> Option<usize> {
     if active_engine() == DownloadEngine::XmclCompat {
         None
     } else {
-        Some(state.download_concurrency())
+        Some(native_budget::task_limit(
+            state.download_concurrency(),
+            usize::MAX,
+        ))
+    }
+}
+
+pub(crate) fn single_authority_task_concurrency_limit(
+    state: &crate::State,
+) -> Option<usize> {
+    if active_engine() == DownloadEngine::XmclCompat {
+        None
+    } else {
+        Some(native_budget::task_limit(state.download_concurrency(), 1))
     }
 }

packages/app-lib/src/util/download/native_budget.rs

@@ -144,6 +144,15 @@ pub(crate) fn available(route: &DownloadRoute) -> usize {
         .unwrap_or(MAX_CONNECTIONS_PER_AUTHORITY)
 }
 
+pub(crate) fn task_limit(
+    configured_limit: usize,
+    authority_count: usize,
+) -> usize {
+    configured_limit.max(1).min(MAX_NATIVE_CONNECTIONS).min(
+        MAX_CONNECTIONS_PER_AUTHORITY.saturating_mul(authority_count.max(1)),
+    )
+}
+
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
@@ -174,4 +183,11 @@ mod tests {
         drop(permits);
         assert!(try_acquire(&route).is_ok());
     }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn task_limit_matches_native_connection_capacity() {
+        assert_eq!(task_limit(128, 1), 8);
+        assert_eq!(task_limit(128, 4), 32);
+        assert_eq!(task_limit(4, 1), 4);
+    }
 }

packages/app-lib/src/util/fetch.rs

@@ -85,6 +85,8 @@ const MAX_REDIRECT_LOCATION_BYTES: usize = 8 * 1024;
 const FILE_TRANSFER_CONNECT_TIMEOUT: time::Duration =
     time::Duration::from_secs(20);
 const RESOURCE_WAIT_TIMEOUT: time::Duration = time::Duration::from_secs(45);
+const RESOURCE_PRESSURE_INTERVAL: time::Duration = time::Duration::from_secs(3);
+const RESOURCE_STALL_TIMEOUT: time::Duration = time::Duration::from_secs(300);
 #[cfg(not(test))]
 const FILE_TRANSFER_READ_TIMEOUT: time::Duration =
     time::Duration::from_secs(60);
@@ -3894,6 +3896,73 @@ struct NativeConnectionPermit<'a> {
     _native: crate::util::download::native_budget::NativeBudgetPermit,
 }
 
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
+pub(crate) enum ResourceWaitError {
+    TimedOut,
+}
+
+pub(crate) async fn wait_for_resource_with_pressure<F, T, P>(
+    future: F,
+    pressure_interval: time::Duration,
+    stall_timeout: time::Duration,
+    mut on_pressure: P,
+) -> Result<T, ResourceWaitError>
+where
+    F: Future<Output = T>,
+    P: FnMut(),
+{
+    let pressure_interval =
+        pressure_interval.max(time::Duration::from_millis(1));
+    let pressure_timer = tokio::time::sleep(pressure_interval);
+    let stall_timer = tokio::time::sleep(stall_timeout);
+    tokio::pin!(future, pressure_timer, stall_timer);
+
+    loop {
+        tokio::select! {
+            result = &mut future => return Ok(result),
+            _ = &mut stall_timer => return Err(ResourceWaitError::TimedOut),
+            _ = &mut pressure_timer => {
+                on_pressure();
+                pressure_timer.as_mut().reset(
+                    tokio::time::Instant::now() + pressure_interval,
+                );
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub(crate) async fn wait_for_download_resource<F, T>(
+    future: F,
+) -> Result<T, ResourceWaitError>
+where
+    F: Future<Output = T>,
+{
+    wait_for_resource_with_pressure(
+        future,
+        RESOURCE_PRESSURE_INTERVAL,
+        RESOURCE_STALL_TIMEOUT,
+        || {
+            if let Some(state) = crate::State::get_if_initialized() {
+                state.record_download_queue_wait();
+            }
+        },
+    )
+    .await
+}
+
+pub(crate) async fn acquire_fetch_permit_with_pressure(
+    semaphore: &FetchSemaphore,
+) -> crate::Result<SemaphorePermit<'_>> {
+    wait_for_download_resource(semaphore.0.acquire())
+        .await
+        .map_err(|_| {
+            crate::Error::from(ErrorKind::NetworkError(
+                "download permit remained stalled for 5 minutes".to_string(),
+            ))
+        })?
+        .map_err(Into::into)
+}
+
 async fn acquire_native_connection<'a>(
     route: &DownloadRoute,
     semaphore: &'a FetchSemaphore,
@@ -3906,6 +3975,20 @@ async fn acquire_native_connection<'a>(
     })
 }
 
+async fn acquire_native_connection_with_pressure<'a>(
+    route: &DownloadRoute,
+    semaphore: &'a FetchSemaphore,
+) -> crate::Result<NativeConnectionPermit<'a>> {
+    wait_for_download_resource(acquire_native_connection(route, semaphore))
+        .await
+        .map_err(|_| {
+            crate::Error::from(ErrorKind::NetworkError(
+                "native download resources remained stalled for 5 minutes"
+                    .to_string(),
+            ))
+        })?
+}
+
 fn try_acquire_native_connection<'a>(
     route: &DownloadRoute,
     semaphore: &'a FetchSemaphore,
@@ -5703,19 +5786,11 @@ async fn download_to_path_inner(
         None
     };
     if let Some((h2_route, h2_policy)) = h2_selection {
-        let h2_permit =
-            tokio::time::timeout(RESOURCE_WAIT_TIMEOUT, semaphore.0.acquire())
-                .await
-                .map_err(|_| {
-                    ErrorKind::NetworkError(
-                        "timed out waiting for HTTP/2 download permit"
-                            .to_string(),
-                    )
-                })??;
         let h2_started = Instant::now();
         match crate::util::download::h2_download::try_download_via_h2(
             &request,
             &h2_route,
+            semaphore,
             destination,
             &part_path,
             h2_policy,
@@ -5808,7 +5883,6 @@ async fn download_to_path_inner(
                     .await?;
             }
         }
-        drop(h2_permit);
     }
 
     let mut official_integrity_retry = h2_failed_nonofficial.is_some();
@@ -6147,8 +6221,6 @@ async fn download_to_path_inner(
                 } else {
                     0
                 };
-                let mut activity = crate::State::get_if_initialized()
-                    .map(|state| state.begin_download_connection());
                 record_install_download_started(
                     &request,
                     route,
@@ -6161,25 +6233,21 @@ async fn download_to_path_inner(
                     DownloadItemStatus::WaitingForResource,
                 )
                 .await;
-                let permit_wait = tokio::time::timeout(
+                let permit_wait =
-                    RESOURCE_WAIT_TIMEOUT,
+                    acquire_native_connection_with_pressure(route, semaphore);
-                    acquire_native_connection(route, semaphore),
-                );
                 let resource_wait_started = Instant::now();
-                let permit = if let Some(cancellation) = request.cancellation.as_ref() {
+                let permit = if let Some(cancellation) =
+                    request.cancellation.as_ref()
+                {
                     tokio::select! {
                         _ = cancellation.cancelled() => return Err(ErrorKind::OtherError("download canceled while waiting for native resources".to_string()).into()),
                         result = permit_wait => result,
                     }
                 } else {
                     permit_wait.await
-                }
+                }?;
-                .map_err(|_| {
+                let mut activity = crate::State::get_if_initialized()
-                    ErrorKind::NetworkError(
+                    .map(|state| state.begin_download_connection());
-                        "timed out waiting for native download resources"
-                            .to_string(),
-                    )
-                })??;
                 tracing::debug!(
                     route = %sanitize_url_for_log(&route.url),
                     resource = "native_connection_and_fetch",
@@ -7135,6 +7203,40 @@ mod tests {
     static H2_FALLBACK_TEST_LOCK: LazyLock<std::sync::Mutex<()>> =
         LazyLock::new(|| std::sync::Mutex::new(()));
 
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn resource_wait_reports_pressure_without_losing_queue_position() {
+        let pressure_events = Arc::new(AtomicUsize::new(0));
+        let observed = Arc::clone(&pressure_events);
+        let result = wait_for_resource_with_pressure(
+            async {
+                tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_millis(35)).await;
+                7
+            },
+            Duration::from_millis(5),
+            Duration::from_millis(100),
+            move || {
+                observed.fetch_add(1, Ordering::Relaxed);
+            },
+        )
+        .await;
+
+        assert_eq!(result, Ok(7));
+        assert!(pressure_events.load(Ordering::Relaxed) >= 1);
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn resource_wait_keeps_a_final_stall_guard() {
+        let result = wait_for_resource_with_pressure(
+            std::future::pending::<()>(),
+            Duration::from_millis(5),
+            Duration::from_millis(25),
+            || {},
+        )
+        .await;
+
+        assert_eq!(result, Err(ResourceWaitError::TimedOut));
+    }
+
     async fn spawn_range_server(
         data: Arc<Vec<u8>>,
         wrong_content_range: bool,